"Transitions of self-organised vegetation patterns in arid ecosystems induced by variations in topography"
Abstract
In water limited systems vegetation
self-organises into a mosaic of vegetated patches and bare soil. Long range
competition (C) for water and short range facilitation (F) are a known
mechanism for vegetation pattern formation. A topographic gradient allows
patches interact via interception of surface runoff, but little is known
about the self-organisation of vegetation patchiness when topography is not
smooth. Here we show, with a C-F cellular automata model, that variation in
topography, controlling surface water redistribution, can significantly
alter self-organised vegetation patterns. We reproduce patterns where flow
convergence occurs as well as the self organisation of vegetation along an
ephemeral fluvial network. These results also suggest that sediment
transport processes, smoothing the terrain, are essential for the
maintenance of banded patterns.